A cervical polyp is a pathological proliferation of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal, which is manifested by a protrusion of the outgrowth into the lumen of the cervix. These neoplasms can exist without manifesting themselves in any way, asymptomatic, but usually they are accompanied by pathologies such as cervical infertility, various disorders menstrual cycle, sexually transmitted infections.
Laser removal of cervical polyps
In medical centers, where cervical polyps are removed and diagnosed, and treatment can be performed in just 3 hours without unnecessary injuries without hospitalization without loss of working capacity. Most importantly, this method leaves no scars, but also. Removal is controlled by a video camera, which significantly improves the quality of the procedure.
How about removing polyps
- It is the most advanced and effective method quick rehabilitation of patients.
- Removing the laser will minimize blood loss.
- The tissue surrounding the polyp is not damaged, leaving scars.
- The removal of pathological tissues gradually occurs.
The reasons for the appearance of polyps are not clear, but many experts see the connection hormonal disorders in women with the growth of neoplasms. Development of polyps cervical canal can create serious problems for a woman associated with conception, maintaining pregnancy, and also there is always a risk of degeneration of any neoplasms into cancer, therefore, timely diagnosis of this disease is very important. Treatment consists in removing cervical polyps using various modern methods.
Thus, after removing the penis for 3 weeks, it may feel different types discomfort - pain in the lower abdomen, the appearance of bloody or profuse mucous secretions, so during this period it is very desirable to consider the following.
Treatment of a polyp of the cervix
Have sex You cannot swim, go to the steam room, sauna, just take a shower Do not splash after removal Do not use tampons, only fillings Hard physical work, sports, exclude physical activity... Sometimes, incomplete tissue removal can lead to relapse if a new tumor can be found at the site of a former polyp. Therefore, it is very important to define possible reason growth of polyps in female body and tactics preventive treatment - antiviral, hormonal therapy, anti-inflammatory, as well as timely and appropriate treatment of any inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system.
What is the danger of having a cervical polyp?
Polyps of the cervical canal are the so-called warts on the mucous membrane, which, under favorable conditions, can degenerate from benign into malignant. They can be single and multiple, on a thin stem or on a wide base. If there are many polyps, this disease is called cervical polyposis.
Prevention and further management of patients
And remember the cure folk remedies possible, but only on the advice of your doctor. In most cases folk methods are used only after surgery to prevent relapses. A cervical polyp can occur during pregnancy. If it becomes a threat to the life of the fetus and the mother, it will be removed.
Polyp of the cervical canal during pregnancy
Earlier in medical practice, it was assumed that polyps of the cervical canal during pregnancy are formed only after anxiety abortions or a second or more pregnancy. Practice has shown that the problem can occur before the first pregnancy and after childbirth. The development of polyps in most cases is associated with hormonal imbalances during pregnancy.
Since it is hyperplasia or benign neoplasm, then it does not have serious general systemic effects on the female body, symptoms may be absent or mild, unlike cancer, polyps do not metastasize to organs. Complications and danger of polyps are only in the fact that they can become malignant or grow to large sizesthat can impair the function of the cervix.
To be diagnosed as a cervical canal during pregnancy. The cervix connects the uterus and vagina, producing mucus. If any changes occur in the cervical canal, there is big risk for a miscarriage. Regular examinations of the gynecologist are carried out, the doctor analyzes the condition of the canal, the dynamics of changes, if necessary performs ultrasound diagnostics... To assess the state of the cervical canal, data on the following parameters.
Wide length Tight open or closed position. ... If polyps of the cervical canal are found, the gynecologist conducts research, their type, intensity, color, laboratory analysis... Get sick discomfort, cramps, pain, fever and general malaise.
Malignant polyp occurs according to the following scheme:
Causes and symptoms of polyps
Anything that leads to excessive proliferation of mucosal epithelial cells can give rise to the development of hyperplasia - these are sexually transmitted diseases such as HPV virus human papillomas, syphilis, genital herpes, gonorrhea, ureaplasmosis, as well as various surgical interventions and, diagnostic curettage, trauma during childbirth, and the installation of an intrauterine device. An important role belongs to hormonal imbalance, which can occur in a woman at any age, even taking oral contraceptives can provoke the growth of neoplasms, and polyps often occur in women during the premenopausal period, when they begin.
Polyps can be distinguished by their structure
With inflammation, only one of these symptoms may be present. A cervical polyp, if not treated promptly, can bleed. Glandular fibrous fibrous fibrous. ... Glandular and glandular fibrous polyps can turn into cancer.
Spider web polyps can change their shape during pregnancy. Triggers for bleeding are trauma, strenuous exercise, communication, gynecological examinations. Hormonal insufficiency, high estrogen content, genital diseases, acute diseases of the genitourinary system. Immune diseases are chronic in nature.
With a small polyp, there are practically no signs of the disease, but with a large neoplasm, when it begins to block the cervical canal or with multiple polyposis, it is possible following changes: , increased amount discharge from a woman (), pulling pains abdomen and lower back, after intercourse, lingering, pain during sex, polyps can be and, contribute to the occurrence, be.
Opt for cervical polyps during pregnancy
It is proposed to study the structure of the female reproductive organs on video. Polyps often form on the cervix and cervix. A woman's body does not always respond quickly to symptoms of various gynecological diseases... Even serious infectious diseases may be asymptomatic for a long time. The same applies to cervical canal polyps. In the initial stages of the disease, the body can be realized in the form of an allergy.
To diagnose a disease, you must run laboratory discharge. Appearance and smell, they can be identical normal discharge... The disease can occur without other symptoms, that is, without abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities. During polyps, the cervical canal greatly expands the mucous membrane, which sometimes leads to bleeding. Over time, bleeding can cause anemia.
Special attention is required for the presence of polyps during pregnancy, since during this period the development of decidual pseudopolyps, which consist of decidual tissue and after childbirth, most often self-destruct, disappear. However, sometimes during pregnancy, polyps bleed, ulcers may appear on them, may be a threat to terminate pregnancy, in such cases, the issue of their removal is decided. In any case, even if the polyps do not disappear after childbirth, they should be removed.
Anemia is characterized by the following symptoms
General weakness of the body reduces appetite dizziness. ... If the woman is not pregnant, bleeding can manifest as severe periods. Sometimes menstruation disappears, in most cases the cycle is interrupted. As for the discharge, they are unlikely to be in disease, bloody or vice versa abundant white. The body can react in different ways to alert to changes.
Symptoms of cervical polyps
It can be detected with colposcopy and a mirror, with the diagnosis of polyps, even on early stages there are no complications of cervical polyp on the stool. The final diagnosis is hysteroscopy. Atypical polyps must be removed. After removal of the mucosal polyp, cockroaches are supported, it is possible to avoid relapses. After the procedure, it is important to monitor general health body and outflow.
Diagnostics and types of polyps
Most often, cervical polyps can be detected either during a routine examination by a doctor, or when a patient turns to a gynecologist for another disease. During a vaginal examination, the doctor discovers a thickening of the cervix, its hypertrophy, the formation of a bright red or whitish color, sometimes they can also be dark, almost purple, mushroom or round shape.
Removal of cervical polyps during pregnancy
It is recommended to plan a pregnancy, such as polyp prevention. But the disease can also occur during pregnancy, so you need to know how to handle it. In some cases, if the polyp does not pose any danger to the woman and the fetus, it should not touch. There was a topical treatment, the task of which is to remove the polyps of inflammation, which necessarily takes place.
The main reasons for the formation of polyps
If the polyp hasn't changed and is not worried about the woman, it will be born. If it causes discomfort and could endanger the fetus, the operation will be performed later. The operation to remove the polyp is not complicated, but during pregnancy, any intervention is undesirable. The indication for removal of polyps is an increase of up to 10 mm, fast growth, heavy bleeding... Danger Signs of pregnancy Symptoms or necrosis is polyp dyspariosis.
With the help of colposcopy or cervicoscopy, it is possible to determine the structure of the formation, its type, to see the presence of necrosis or inflammation of the polyp. You should know that it is impossible to establish an accurate diagnosis on your own at home, only a gynecologist is able to both determine the true diagnosis and choose the tactics of treating any pathology of the patient. Also, after detecting a polyposis, a woman should undergo an ultrasound scan to exclude the presence of endometrioid polyps, since polyps of the cervical canal are often found in combination with uterine polyps.
The operation is performed as follows. The husk is exposed, the polyp is caught with a pointed clamp and is slowly removed, can be unscrewed. Then you need to use the cervical canal for the cockroaches to use the curette. It is necessary to clear the maximum mucous membrane so that it can grow again in the legs of the polyp or over time in the same place.
Depending on the disease and the type of polyp, hormonal or anti-inflammatory therapy can be prescribed. When the polyp rises close to the outer pharynx, the whale is sutured after the suture operation. Sticky character, polyps can carry themselves in the upper regions of the canal, however, carefully removed material is considered.
What are cervical polyps? If they are soft to the touch, they are glandular, if dense, then fibrinous, there are also mixed glandular-fibrous. There are also pseudopolyps, epidermal, angiomatous, and the most dangerous are adenomatous, which are prone to degeneration into cancer.
How is cervical polyp removed?
It is important for every woman with diagnosed polyps to know that their treatment is possible only by surgery. If a polyp arose during pregnancy - a decidual pseudopolyp, then expectant tactics should be followed, since the probability of its reverse involution after childbirth is high. With rapidly growing, large polyps over 2 cm, if they ulcerate, polypectomy is necessary.
If there are symptoms of cervical incompetence, the main goal is not only to remove the polyp, but also to maintain the pregnancy. Operative hysteroscopy, that is, the treatment of certain diseases of the uterus with a hysteroscopic procedure, is today a standard procedure for gynecological endoscopy. Thus, many interventions can be performed on an outpatient basis, for which complex operations are sometimes performed using abdominal incisions before the use of surgical mirroring of the cervix was.
In all other cases, the detected cervical polyp is removed, and the removed tissue is subjected to histological examination to confirm or exclude oncology. Therefore, using folk remedies for any neoplasms is risky without checking polyps for atypical, that is, cancer cells.
It is known that all kinds genital warts, as well as some polyps are caused by HPV, of which there are more than 100 types, therefore it is very important, after removal of the cervical polyp, to curettage with a biopsy of the material in order to establish the involvement of this virus in the development of the polyp. Of course, there is no specific treatment for papillomavirus, but having established the cause of the growth of the polyp, you can try to avoid its re-formation, conduct antiviral therapy, increase immunity, etc.
Instrumentation and technique of operative hysteroscopy
In contrast to diagnostics, operating hysteroscopy is performed in the operating room. The main tools are. Surgical hysteroscopy usually requires general or spinal anesthesia because the diameter of the instrument must dilate the cervical canal, as in the case of scraping. After the expansion of the cervical canal, a so-called resectoscope is inserted into the uterine cavity. The mine uses a variety of fine instruments such as a rollerball to desquamate the endometrium, a cutting sling to remove the endometrium, polyps or fibroids, or needles to separate the walls of the uterus from uterine malformations.
How are cervical polyps removed? Treatment consists in prompt removal of the neoplasm by unscrewing the polyp, coagulation of the polyp attachment site, and histological examination of the removed tissue. One catgut suture is applied to the wound surface and curettage of the cervical canal and, if indicated, the uterus is performed. If necessary, polypectomy is performed using a hysteroscope, which allows you to monitor the process and visually assess the state of the cervical canal.
At the same time, the uterine cavity is flushed and stretched until it appears in the uterine cavity. good view... Now, disguised as fibrosis, polyp, or uterine lining can be cut into strips. For the hysteroscope, individual strips are removed from the uterus.
Removal of the endometrium
A group of patients complains about various forms bleeding without an organic cause of complaints. If no changes in the bleeding abnormalities have occurred even after several sessions of hormone treatment, in many cases, these patients are advised to have their uterus removed. These women may be offered a minimally invasive treatment for uterine preservation through mirror poisoning of surgical uterus. With endometrial ablation or endometrial resection, the deep layer of the lining of the uterus is also cut or erased.
After this procedure, there are various options further processing of the polyp bed is:
- Cooling with liquid nitrogen - cryodestruction when low temperature destroys the cells of pathological tissues, disrupts their vital activity, while it is important to calculate the depth of treatment, which depends on the freezing rate.
- With a small polyp, the doctor can use to cauterize the bed medicinal product Solkovagin. This drug without side effects, but several procedures are required, after such cauterization, a crust forms on the cervix, which is rejected after a few days.
- Diathermocoagulation is a cauterization of the polyp attachment site with a high-frequency electric current, this method is now practically not used due to a large number complications.
- Treatment with radio waves is one of the most gentle methods, after which the cervical tissue is quickly restored.
It is worth considering separately modern method - laser removal polyps of the cervix.
Removal of cervical polyps
To achieve very high success rates, hormonal preliminary processingto narrow the lining of the uterus. The patient receives 2 injections every 4 weeks, which are injected under the skin. 6-7 weeks after the first injection, the procedure can be performed on an outpatient basis. These women will need additional treatmentsuch as a hysterectomy. However, at least 8 out of 10 patients were spared the removal of the uterus.
Because of the many benefits of this minimally invasive procedure, many manufacturers have developed various sclerosing systems for the lining of the uterus. They are much easier to handle as they do not require any experience in operative uterine mirroring. We work with a gold electrode. Success rates are similar to those used in a conventional procedure, but patients are often not tracked for long as the systems are used only on a short time... The main problem with using these systems is that it is disposable.
Laser removal of cervical polyps
In medical centers where cervical polyps are removed with a laser and diagnostics, and treatment can be carried out in just 3 hours without unnecessary injury, without hospitalization, without loss of ability to work. Most importantly, this method does not leave scars and also:
- It is the most modern and efficient method, in which there is a quick rehabilitation of the patient
- When removed by laser, blood loss is minimal
- Removal is carried out under the control of a video camera, which significantly improves the quality of the procedure
- The tissue surrounding the polyp is not injured, no scars remain
- There is a layer-by-layer removal of pathological tissues
What after removal of polyps?
In rare cases, as a complication of the removal, thermal burns, stenosis of the cervix, which are formed by excessive cauterization of the polyp attachment site, may occur. Therefore, after removal of the cervical polyp within 3 weeks sensations of various kinds of discomfort are possible - pain in the lower abdomen, the appearance of bloody or more abundant mucous discharge, therefore, in this period, the following is highly undesirable:
- Having sex
- You can not take a bath, go to the steam room, sauna, you should only take a shower
- You can not douche after removal by any means
- Do not use tampons, only pads
- Eliminate hard physical labor, sports, any physical exercise
Sometimes, with incomplete removal of tissues, a relapse is possible, when a fresh neoplasm can again be found at the site of the former polyp. Therefore, it is very important to determine the possible cause of the growth of polyps in the female body and choose the tactics of preventive treatment - antiviral, hormonal therapy, anti-inflammatory, as well as timely and correctly treat any inflammatory diseases female genital organs. And remember, treatment with folk remedies is possible, but only on the recommendation of your doctor. In most cases, traditional methods are used only after surgical treatment as a prevention of relapse.
With the local proliferation of tissues of the cervical canal, small growths are formed - polyps. They represent a smooth red neoplasm on the leg. Most often, the growths are benign, however, malignancy (the acquisition of malignant properties by cells of normal or benign tissue) is quite likely if the course of treatment is not carried out in time. Education statistics malignant tumor occurs in 1.5% of cases.
Benign tissue formations in this area are most common in women after 45 years of age during the period of cessation of ovarian activity (menopause).
Polyps and their types
Neoplasms are divided into single and multiple. According to histology, they are divided into:
- Glandular (mucous). Formed from the endometrium (the mucous layer containing the glands). Their size is small - about 1.5 cm. Treatment usually takes place without complications, degeneration into cancerous tumor unlikely;
- Fibrous. Formed from the connective tissue of the endometrium. Such growths very often develop into a malignant tumor;
- Glandular fibrous. They include the glandular cells of the endometrium and the stroma, the supporting structure of connective tissue. The size reaches 2.5 cm;
- Adenomatous (atypical). Have largest size - more than 4 cm. Such formations have high risk transition to cancer localized on inner surface uterus (endometrium). After they are removed, chemotherapy is often prescribed.
The reasons
- Mechanical trauma to this area, in particular, as a result of abortion or diagnostic curettage;
- Violations in endocrine system women.
Additionally, many factors can provoke the occurrence of polyps in the cervix:
Can play a role in the formation of polyps diabetes, heredity, lack of sports, excess of normal weight.
Symptoms
There are no unambiguous and specific manifestations. Moreover, often benign tissue growths occur completely without symptoms and only a gynecological examination can reveal the presence.
The following are symptoms that are likely due to polyp formation:
- Bloody discharge, pain, the occurrence of which is associated with intercourse;
- Discharge of a bloody nature in the middle of the menstrual cycle;
- Too profuse and painful menses;
- Frequent pain in the lower abdomen is a sign of the formation of large polyps;
- Discharge of mucus from the vagina, observed regularly for some time;
- Infertility.
Very often, polyps of the cervical canal can be accompanied by diseases such as erosion of the cervix, dysfunction of the ovaries, endometriosis, chronic endocervicitis.
Diagnostics
Identify polyps on the cervix with gynecological examination... In order to confirm the diagnosis, it is often prescribed:
- Additional examination using a colposcope;
- Ultrasonography;
- , which also provides for taking material on.
Pregnancy and polyps
- During illness. If a build-up forms in the cervix, the woman can become pregnant, but complications are possible - placental abruption or bleeding. Treatment of the disease during childbearing is not carried out, maximum efforts are directed to maintaining the health of the baby.
- After an illness. After a complete cure, pregnancy, of course, does not occur immediately. However, after 1–2 months after the end of the rehabilitation course, in most cases, the conception of a child occurs.
Treatment
Removal methods are grouped into three broad categories:
Medical treatment. This method involves a course of hormone intake.
It is in addition to the hormonal method.
Effects
Usually, the postoperative is easy, without complications. For a couple of weeks, there is discomfort in the lower abdomen, pulling pains and moderate discharge.
Hormonal disruptions can occur from complications (then the doctor prescribes special hormonal drugs) or inflammatory processes (course of antibiotics).
For the next two months, you can not lift weights, do not douche, give up hot baths and sexual intercourse.
Video: Demonstrated removal of recurrent fibro-glandular polyp by electroexcision in a 48-year-old patient
CLIPAREA / depositphotos.com, LangstrupDK / depositphotos.com